Impact of Agricultural Commercialization on Household Food Insecurity in Kenya
Keywords:
Household Food (in)Security, Agricultural Commercialization, Endogenous Switching Regression, Kenya, Panel Data
Abstract
Agricultural production in Kenya has remained low with relative food insecurity affecting many citizens in most parts of the country because of the increase in population growth over the past two decades. This study, specifically, examined the impact of agricultural commercialization on household food insecurity in Kenya using Panel data from Kenya’s 2020 Covid-19 Rapid Response Phone Survey. An endogenous switching regression was utilized to establish the impact of agricultural commercialization on household food security and at the same time account for endogeneity and self-selection problems. The endogenous switching regression (ESR) model also controlled for structural differences between the commercialized and the non-commercialized households in terms of food security outcome functions. Particularly, land size had a significant positive impact on the food security of the commercialized households while it had a negative but significant impact on the food security of the non-commercialized households. Therefore, households with large land sizes are more likely to improve by a greater extent household food security compared to households with small land sizes when they participate more in the market. However, age,women empowerment and internet access recorded a significant homogenous effect on the food security of the households among the commercialized and non-commercialized group of households. The results further suggest that both the observed and unobserved characteristics influence the decision to commercialize and food security outcome give the decision to commercialize. The results reveal that households participating in agricultural commercialization would experience improved food security through increased dietary diversity. The study recommends that there is a need to support agricultural commercialization to increase household food security. This could be achieved by empowering households through adequate online training and education on agricultural commercialization, improving infrastructures and institutions such as internet connectivity, credit and commercial institutions.
References
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Hatab, A. A., Kassie, M., & Shiferaw, B. (2019). Commercialization of Agriculture and Food Security: An Empirical Analysis of the Rural Household Survey in Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 70(3), 627-647.
Headey, D. and Ecker, O. (2013). Rethinking the Measurement of Food Security: From First Principles to Best Practice. Food Security, 5(3), 327-343. doi:10.1007/s12571-013-02535.
Hoddinott, J. (2012). Agriculture, health, and nutrition: Toward conceptualizing the linkages. 2020 Conference Book: Leveraging agriculture for improving nutrition and health. Washington, DC.:International Food Policy Research Institute
Hou, J., Fu, H., Wang, H., & Zhang, J. (2018). Internet use and travel behavior: A study of household internet access and individual online activities. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 92, 13-28. doi: 10.1016/j.trc.2018.05.006
Igberaese, I. F., & Okojie-Okoedo. (2010). Food and Hunger Everywhere: A Nigeria Paradox of Poverty. 6. 90-100.
Issahaku, P., Ziba, F. B., Kofi Boakye-Yiadom, L., & Ahmed, A. (2020). Food and nutrition security in developing economies: A review of the policy landscape. Journal of Food Security, 8(3), 80-91.
Kabunga, N. S., Dubois, T., & Qaim, M. (2012). Impact of farmer group membership on input use and productivity in western Kenya. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 63(1), 168-192. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9552.2011.00329.x
Kabunga, N.S., Dubois, T., and Qaim, M., (2014). Impact of tissue culture banana technology on farm household income and food security in Kenya. Food Policy 45, 25-34.
Kassie, M., Ndiritu, S. W., & Stage, J. (2014). What determines gender inequality in household food security in Kenya? Application of exogenous switching regression. World Development, 56:153±71.
Kassie, M., Stage, J., Teklewold, H., & Erenstein, O. (2015). Gendered food security in rural Malawi: Why is women's food security status lower? Food Security, 7:1299±320.
Kumar, N., Harris, J., Rawat, R. (2015). If They Grow It, Will They Eat and Grow? Evidence from Zambia on Agricultural Diversity and Child Undernutrition. The Journal of Development Studies 51, 1060–1077. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2015.1018901
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Liu, Y., Chen, Z., & Zhou, J. (2019). The role of the internet in rural areas: Evidence from a field survey in China. Telecommunications Policy, 43(1), 51-64.
Lokshin, M., & Sajaia, Z. (2004). Maximum likelihood estimation of endogenous switching regression models. Stata Journal, 4(3), 282-289.
Lubungu, M. W. (2013). Agriculture and economic development in Africa: The role of the African farmer in poverty alleviation, food security and rural development. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 15(3), 81-91.
Ma W., Nie P., Zhang P., Renwick A. (2020). Impact of Internet use on economic well-being of rural households: Evidence from China. Rev. Dev. Econ. 2020; 24:503–523. doi: 10.1111/rode.12645.
Maddala, G. S. (1983). Limited-dependent and qualitative variables in econometrics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Published
2023-04-07
How to Cite
Kipkorir, P., Ngeno, V., & Chumo, C. (2023, April 7). Impact of Agricultural Commercialization on Household Food Insecurity in Kenya. African Journal of Education,Science and Technology, 7(3), Pg 187-206. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2022/ajest.v7i3.839
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