Physiochemical Characteristics and Heavy Metal Levels of Soils Associated With Maize Processing Mill Effluent in Nise and its Environs, Anambra State Nigeria
Keywords:
Heavy Metals, Maize Mill Effluent, Physiochemical Characteristics, Soil Pollution, Electrical Conductivity
Abstract
Selected heavy metals and physiochemical characteristics of the soils around some maize processing mills in Nise and its environs were analysed in order to assess the impact of the maize mill effluent on the soil. The results of the physiochemical analysis showed overall decrease in pH values and corresponding increase in the other parameters. The pH values indicated that the soils were acidic which suggests that the effluents imparted acidic property on the soils. The elevated levels of Total Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen are suggestive of increased organic matter and microbial activities in the effluent residues. Electrical conductivity values indicated the presence of dissolved inorganic salts while the phosphorus values confirm the rich source of phosphorus in Maize grains. The result of heavy metal analysis shows elevated levels of heavy metals in the soil receiving maize mill effluent. The relative potential index and enrichment coefficient values of the metals in the soils coupled with the observed physiochemical characteristics revealed that there are some levels of heavy metal enrichment, contamination and bio-availability in the soils studied.
References
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Schwartz, K. & Mertz, W. (1959). Chromium (iii) and the glucose tolerance factor. Archeology of Biochemistry Biographs, 85, 292-294.
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Aleonada, M. & Zuillaga, M.S. (1998) Heavy metals in soils of Argentina: Comparism between urban and agricultural soils Communication in soils. Science and Plant Analysis. 29, 11-14.
Alloway, B.J. (1990) Heavy metals in soils. (2nd Ed.). Glasgow: Blackie and Son Publishers
Aluko, O.O. & Oluwande, P.A. (2003) Characterization of leachates from a municipal solid waste land fill site in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Journal of Environmental Health Research. 2, 83-84.
Amusan, A.A, Ige, D.V. & Olawale, R. (2005) Characteristics of soils and crops uptake of metals in municipal waste dumpsites in Nigeria. Journal of Human Ecology 17(3), 167-171
Ano, A.O., Odomelam, S.A. & Ekwueme, P.O. (2007) Lead and cadmium levels in soils and cassava (manihot esculenta grantz) along. Enugu- Port Harcourt Express Way in Nigeria Electronic Journal of Environmental Agricultural and Food Chemistry 6(5), 2024-2031
Assah, V.A., Abimbola, A.F., & Such, C.E. (2005) Heavy metal concentrations and distribution of surface soils of the Bassa Industrial Zone 1 Doula, Cameroon. Arabian Journal of Science and Engineering 31 (24), 147-158.
Babich, H. & Stotsky, G. (1985) Heavy Metal Toxicity to microbe-Mediatid ecological processes. ―A review and Potential Application to regulatory policies.‖ Environmental Research, 36, 111-115.
Bamgbose, O. Opeolu, B.O., Odukoya, O.O., Bamgbose, J.T., & Olatunde, G.O. (2007). Physicochemical characterization of leachates generated from simulated leaching of refuse from selected waste dumps in Abeokuta City, Nigeria. Journal of Chemical Society of Nigeria 22(1), 117-125
Bhattacharya, P., Mukherejee, A.B., Jack, J. & Nordquist, S. (2002) Metal contamination experimental studies on remediation.
Science of Total Environment 290, 165-180.
Boulding, J.R. (1994). Description and Sampling of Contaminated soils, (2nd ed.). New York: Lewis Publishers
Cossica, E.S. Tavares, C.R.G. & Ravagnani, T.M.K. (2000) Bisorphon of hromium (iii) by Sargassium SP Biomas, Electronic Journal of Biolechnology 5(2) August issue.
Eddy, N.O., Ndibuke, M.O. & Ndibuke, E.O. (2004) Heavy metals in sediments from Cross River at Oron. African Journal of Environmental Pollution and Health. 25-29.
Egharevba, F. & Odjada, V. (2002) The pollution Potential and Chemical interaction parameter of some agro and industrial wastes on soils. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 11, 177-188.
IFAD, (2005). Opening Remark at the opening Session of the Tri-Term Implementation Review of RTEP, Abuja, Nigeria, 22nd March.
Iwegbue, C.M.A. (2007) Metal fractionation in Soil profiles at automobile mechanic waste dumps. Waste Management Research, 25, 1-9.
Jung, G.B., Kim, W.I., Moon, K.K., & Ryu, I.S. (2002). Fractionation and availability of heavy metals in paddy soils near abandoned mining areas (Korea). Journ. Enor Agric. 19(4), 319-323.
Nwajei, G.E. & Iwegbue, C.M.A. (2007) Trace metal concentrations in the soils in the vicinity of Uwelu motor spare part market, Benin City, Nigeria. Journal of Chemical Society of Nigeria 32(2), 282-286.
Oguntirnchin, I. & Ipinmoroti, K. (2007). Profile of heavy metals from Automobile Workshops in Akure, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 1-8.
Onweremadu, E.U., Osuji, G.E., Eshett, E.T., Okpara, C.C. & Ibeawuchi, I.I. (2007). Characterization of Owner Managecl Farms of Abia and Imo States for sustaninabl crop production in South Eastern Nigeria. Journal of American Science 3(1), 28-37.
Opeolu, B.O., Bamgbose, O., Arowolo, T.A. & Adetunji, M.T. (2008). Sorphon of lead (ii) from aqucous solulions using chemically modified and unmodified Discorea alata (Yam) and Manchot esculenta (cassava) peel. Journal of chemical Society of Nigeria 33(2), 1-10.
Osakwe, S.A. (2010) Distribution of heavy metals in soils around automobile dumpsites in Agbor and its environs, Delta State, Nigeria. 35 (1), 53-60.
Osemwota, O.I. (2009), Effect of abattoir effluent on the physical and chemical properties of soils. Environ. Monit. Assess. 1058-1064.
Oviasogie, P.O. & Ofomaja, A. (2007) Available Mn, Zn, Fe, Pb and Physicochemical changes associated with soil receiving cassava mill effluent. Journal of Chemical Society of Nigeria, 31(1), 69-73.
Oviasogie, P.O. & Omoruyi, E. (2007) Levels of heavy metals and physicochemical properties of soil in a foam manufacturing Industry. Journal of Chemical Society of Nigeria, 32 (1), 102-106.
Pizl, V. & Josens, G. (1995). Earthworm communities along a gradient of urbanization. Environment Pollution 90 (1), 7-14.
Rashad, M. & Shalaby, F.A. (2007). Dispersion and deposition of heavy metals around municipal solid waste (MSW) dumpsites, Alexandria, Egypt. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Science, 2(3), 204-212.
Schwartz, K. & Mertz, W. (1959). Chromium (iii) and the glucose tolerance factor. Archeology of Biochemistry Biographs, 85, 292-294.
Shegerian, S.J. (2006). ―Electronic Waste-more meaning than you think‖ Los Angeles Business Journal 1-2.
Sutherland, R.A. (2000). Bed sediment associated trace metals in an urban stream, Oahu Hawai. Environmental geology. 39:611-627.
Tucker, R.M., Hardy, H.D., & Stokes, C.E. (2003). Heavy metals in North Carolina Soils, Journal of Environmental Science 9: 45-60.
Published
2018-09-14
How to Cite
Ezigbo, V. O. (2018, September 14). Physiochemical Characteristics and Heavy Metal Levels of Soils Associated With Maize Processing Mill Effluent in Nise and its Environs, Anambra State Nigeria. African Journal of Education,Science and Technology, 1(4), pp 113-120. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2022/ajest.v1i4.236
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